Symposia Resolutions

recognising the availability of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) which has been established by the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) which is accepted worldwide and which uses SLR, LLR and VLBI observations and

noting that in such a system station positions in Europe have a common motion of the order of one centimetre per year

recommends that the system to be adopted by EUREF will be coincident with ITRS at the Epoch 1989.0 and fixed to the stable part of the Eurasian Plate and will be known as European Terrestrial Reference System 89 (ETRS 89) and

accepts that this geocentric system will coincide with the World Geodetic System 84 (WGS 84) at the one metre level and that, for most applications, the coordinates will have no time variation.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising the work that has already been achieved by the groups that took part in the EUREF GPS campaign of 1989 and

recognising that the GPS data has been compiled and is now ready for distribution to individual computing centres

recommends that the computing centres process the data so that preliminary results of each computation can be discussed in a EUREF working group meeting planned for March 1991 in Berne and

further recommends that a definitive solution be computed by late 1991.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that not all European nations were included in the EUREF GPS campaign of 1989 and

noting that a new campaign is planned for Northern Europe which will connect Iceland, Spitzbergen, Greenland and other islands to EUREF during 1990

recommends that other interested European nations should consider joining the EUREF Subcommission with a view to extending the network in future campaigns.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that a number of European countries have started observing GPS networks and

noting that there may be a need for a European adjustment affecting junctions across national boundaries

recommends that the data collected in these campaigns should be retained in a form suitable for future use and

further recommends that such national GPS networks should include surrounding EUREF stations.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising the need for a European directory of EUREF stations which will include site descriptions, common European coordinates and eccentricities,

recommends that such a directory be compiled in a standard format and

further recommends that the directory be made available for use in time for the March 1991 meeting in Berne.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for the European Refernce Frame which held its first full symposium in Firenze from May 28th to 31st, 1990, expresses its cordial thanks to Istituto Geografico Militare for making the Symposium in Firenze possible and the excellent arrangements which have ensured the success of the meeting.

Berne, 4 - 6 March 1992

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising the results of the EUREF GPS 1989 campaign obtained by the computing centres, and presented during the Bern meeting

noting Resolution No 2 of the EUREF Symposium in Firenze

recommends that the final result to be adopted is that obtained by the Bernese Group after the incorporation of the improvements identified during the Bern meeting, and that the comprehensive documentation should include the comparisons with the other solutions

and further

recommends that this solution be accepted as the current realisation of the ETRS 89 under the name EUREF 89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising

- that the coordinates of stations determined by EUREF 89 will be subject to improvement

- that the existing network will be extended

- that improvements and extensions could affect the homogeneity of EUREF 89

- that the IGS campaign will take place in 1992

accepts that new campaigns must include observations at sufficient primary stations (currently defined as VLBI and SLR stations), and other neighbouring EUREF stations, to fulfill EUREF standards

recommends that a Technical Working Group of EUREF is created which will

- define standards

- advise users on the design and observation of their scheme, if required

- monitor the results

- advise the EUREF plenary meeting whether the results fulfill the EUREF standards and can be endorsed

- commission the computing centres to evaluate whether the IGS campaign should result in improvements of the coordinates of the primary stations.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising various user requirements to express the European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS 89) in geographical coordinates (latitudes, longitudes and ellipsoidal heights)

noting that differences between WGS 84 and GRS 80 ellipsoids are at the millimetre level

recommends that the GRS 80 ellipsoid is adopted in conjunction with ETRS 89.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that reliable information about local eccentricities is a key element for the success of EUREF

noting the progress that has been made in establishing a Directory of EUREF sites following Resolution No 5 of the EUREF Symposium in Firenze

recommends that this Directory should be maintained and circulated among EUREF members. This Directory should include all useful information about sources of data and guidelines for both suppliers and users of the information.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame which held its second meeting in Berne from March 4 to 6, 1992, expresses its cordial thanks to the University of Berne, the Swiss Geodetic Commission and the Federal Office of Topography for making the Symposium in Berne possible and for the excellent arrangements which have ensured the success of the meeting.

Budapest, 17 - 19 May 1993

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising the requirements of the scientific community for EUREF data

noting that the countries have jurisdiction over EUREF data collected in their territories on their behalf

recommends that those persons requiring EUREF data seek permission for the release of such data from the appropriate authority governing the area in which the data was collected

and further recommends that such data is used purely for scientific purposes.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that in September 1992 the EUREF Baltic States GPS campaign was observed and results submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group, where they were found to be at the same level of quality as EUREF-89

endorses these results as an extension of the EUREF-89 solution.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising

- the quality and uninterrupted availability of the orbits resulting from the IGS 1992 campaign and the subsequent IGS Pilot Service

- the improvement of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) since 1989

- that IGS orbits are based on the latest ITRF solutions

recommends that the processing of GPS campaigns to be incorporated into EUREF should be performed in two stages:

1. using the IGS orbits and fiducials in ITRF at the epoch of the observations

2. transforming the results into the European Terrestrial Reference System ETRS 89.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising

- the plan to formally establish the International GPS Geodynamics Service (IGS) in 1994 by the International Association of Geodesy as a routine service

- the objective of the IGS to provide a service which will support both geodetic and geodynamic research activities

noting that a densified network of permanent stations in Europe might be required for various purposes

recommends that the EUREF Technical Working Group develops a proposal for the establishment of such a network to be discussed at the next EUREF symposium.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that several East European countries were connected to the EUREF network between 1991 and 1993

invites the remaining East European countries to join the EUREF Subcommission in view of extending the EUREF network in future campaigns.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame, which held its third symposium in Budapest from May 17 - 19, 1993, expresses its cordial thanks to the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the National Committee for Technological Development, the Department of Lands and Mapping of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Technical University of Budapest, the Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing, and the Hungarian Society of Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing for making the symposium in Budapest possible and for the excellent arrangements which ensured the success of the meeting.

Warsaw, 8 - 11 June 1994

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognizing that

- in October/November 1991 the EUREF-CS/H 91 campaign was observed

- in July 1992 the EUREF-POL 92 campaign was observed

- in May 1993 the EUREF-D/NL 93 campaign was observed and

all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF-89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognizing that existing and future permanent GPS stations in Europe may be used for the improvement and maintenance of the European Reference Frame

invites

- all organizations operating permanent GPS stations in Europe to make available the observations

- Analysis Centres to routinely process European subnetworks of those permanent GPS stations

according to rules defined by the EUREF Technical Working Group

accepts the offer of CODE to process those permanent GPS stations of value to EUREF that cannot be assigned to another Analysis Centre

recommends that these activities are coordinated with the International GPS Service for Geodynamics to the greatest possible extent.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognizing the close relationship of vertical datum problems to EUREF activities and

considering the proposal of the EUREF Technical Working Group to respond to an urgent request of CERCO for a European Vertical Datum at the 0.1 m level

recommends

- that the Technical Working Group undertakes action and reports at the next meeting

- an enlargement of UELN to Eastern Europe for this purpose

requests the Eastern European agencies to make their national data available for UELN-CRCM Data Centre at Hannover within 1994.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame, which held its fourth symposium in Warsaw from June 8 - 10, 1994, expresses its cordial thanks to the Committee of Geodesy of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Space Research Centre of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Local Organizing Committee and to other organizations helping to prepare the symposium in Warsaw for the excellent arrangements which ensured the success of the meeting.

Helsinki, 3 - 6 May 1995

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

recognising that

- in October 1992 the EUREF-GB92 campaign was observed

- in January 1993 the EUREF-Cyprus93 campaign was observed

- in March 1994 the EUREF-LUXBD94 campaign was observed

- in May-June 1994 the EUREF-CRO/SLO94 campaign was observed

- in August-September 1994 EUREF-DK94 campaign was observed

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF-89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

noting the resolution No. 3 of the EUREF Warsaw Symposium in 1994 and

taking into account the principals of EPTN and EUVERN proposals presented during this meeting

recommends that a European Vertical Reference Network (EUVN) should be defined as part of the EUREF network with stations co-located with the European levelling or tide gauge networks

asks the EUREF Technical Working Group to organize the determination of the EUVN:

- by co-ordinating as many EUREF permanent GPS stations as possible

- by implementing a suitable GPS campaign to obtain a first epoch determination of all the EUVN stations as soon as possible.

Resolution 3

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

endorses the guidelines for a EUREF network of permanent GPS stations presented by the EUREF Technical Working Group

asks the EUREF Technical Working Group to implement and co-ordinate such a permanent network

requests the EUREF members to take the necessary actions to support these activities

proposes to the International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS) that the EUREF network be the regional densification for Europe of the global IGS network.

Resolution No.4

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame

in accordance with the resolution No. 1 of the EUREF Florence Symposium in 1990

urges its members to encourage the use of the IERS Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) or the European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) and all their various realisations in preference to WGS-84 for all applications which require submetre accuracy.

Resolution 5

The IAG Subcommission for the European Reference Frame, which held its fifth symposium in Helsinki from May 3 - 6, 1995, expresses its cordial thanks to the Finnish Geodetic Institute for preparing the symposium in Helsinki and for the excellent arrangements which ensured the success of the meeting.

Ankara, 22 - 25 May 1996

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that

- in August 1992 and May 1993 the EUREF-CH92/93 campaigns were observed

- in October 1992 and October 1993 the EUREF-BG92/93 campaigns were observed

- in August 1993 the EUREF-Iceland93 campaign was observed

- in 1994 and 1995 the EUREF-A94/95 campaigns were observed

- in April 1995 the EUREF-EIR/GB95 campaign was observed

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (except the station Reisseck)

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF-89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that this Subcommission includes the responsibilities of the former UELN Subcommission

and noting the increasing need for a unified European height system at the decimetre level

decides to realise such a system through the conversion of the future UELN95 results from geopotential numbers to normal heights.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting the efforts of the European Vertical GPS Reference Network (EUVN) Working Group

endorses their proposal to have a GPS campaign between the 21 and 29 of May, 1997

and urges all EUREF member countries to make their best endeavours in ensuring the success of this campaign.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing the progress of UELN95, the forthcoming EUVN GPS Campaign, and the requirements for a continental vertical reference system at the centimetre level

decides to develop a new European geokinematic height reference network with all available kinematic observations (e.g. GPS, levelling, tide gauges, gravity)

urges all EUREF member countries to deliver relevant data to the data centre, Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie (IfAG)

and asks the Technical Working Group to form a special Working Group to oversee the development of the computation method and methodologies.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

taking note of resolution 2 of the XXI IUGG General Assembly (Boulder, 2 - 14 July 1995)

recognizing the importance of the definition of a global vertical reference system and the need of gradiometry to realise this

urges all EUREF members who are in ESA member countries to help advance the priority of the ESA gradiometry mission.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF), which held its sixth symposium and the first of the revised subcommission in Ankara from May 22 - 25, 1996, expresses its cordial thanks to the Turkish General Command of Mapping for helping to prepare the symposium in Ankara and for the excellent arrangements, which ensured the success of the meeting.

Sofia, 4 - 7 June 1997

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing the availability of good quality GPS results from the EUREF Permanent GPS Network

proposes to the IERS to include the EUREF Permanent GPS Network solutions into the annual ITRS realisations.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the success of the experimental phase of the EUREF Permanent GPS Network

urges the EUREF Technical Working Group (TWG) to call for participation in taking the network from an experimental to an operational status

invites participating agencies and other interested parties to respond positively to this call.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that the accepted results of EUREF campaigns, containing all coordinate realisations of EUREF markers have been published and incorporated into a database

intends to make this database available free of charge on the Internet with effect from 1. 1. 1998

invites National Agencies to review the data.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the need for the use of archival levelling data to be combined with current and future height determination

asks the national agencies to identify a National Centre for this purpose

and urges scientific institutions to develop combined models for kinematic height systems.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF), which held its seventh EUREF symposium in Sofia from June 4 - 7, 1997, expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organizing Committee, its chairman Prof. Georgi Milev and the Union of Surveyors in Bulgaria for helping to organize the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Bad Neuenahr - Ahrweiler, 10 - 13 June 1998

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

- in May 1995, the Iberia 95 campaign,

- in August 1996, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) 96 campaign and

- in October/November 1996, the Malta 96 campaign were observed

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF89.

Resolution 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

- in September/October 1994, the EUREF-NOR94 campaign and

- in August/October 1995, EUREF-NOR95 campaign were observed

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

states that the networks are too dense for complete acceptance of the results as an extension of EUREF89 and

recommends that a subset be submitted to the Technical Working Group for endorsement as an improvement and extension to EUREF89.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing the outstanding success of the European Vertical Reference Network 97 (EUVN97) GPS Campaign

thanks the EUVN working group and all the contributors to the campaign

accepts the adjustment presented at the symposium and asks the Technical Working Group to derive the final EUVN 97 GPS co-ordinates from this adjustment and

urges all EUREF member countries to submit the requested levelling/gravity and tide gauge data, to the data centre in order to achieve the EUVN objectives.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the progress of the UELN 95 project work

asks the data centre and Technical Working Group, to make the solution presented at the symposium, available as the UELN 98 solution and

urgently requests the participating countries to make the missing levelling data available, particularly to extend and improve the vertical network to the Black Sea, around the Baltic Sea and including the channel tunnel connection between France and UK.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF), which held its eighth EUREF symposium in Bad Neuenahr - Ahrweiler from June 10 - 13, 1998, expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman Prof. Hermann Seeger and the Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie, for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the outstanding contribution of Professor Hermann Seeger to the geodetic community and especially to the EUREF subcommission

expresses its warmest thanks and appreciation for the energetic and focussed involvement, for his foresight in recognising the real need for a unified European reference frame, along with his determined hate of all "Bla Bla (Bla)".

wishes him a "quiet (!) retirement" and

invites him to further symposia as a permanent guest.

Prague, 2 - 5 June 1999

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting resolution 3 of the EUREF Symposium 1998 in Bad Neuenahr - Ahrweiler

accepts the final adjustment of the European Vertical Reference Frame 1997 (EUVN97) as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation), and

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that

- in August/September 1996 and August/September 1997 the EUREF-FIN-96/97 campaigns in Finland were observed,

- in July 1997 the EUREF-Estonia-1997 campaign in Estonia was observed

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

considering that

- the networks were too dense for complete acceptance, and

- the existing EUREF points in Estonia used during the EUREF-BAL-92 campaign are no longer acceptable for GPS observations

endorses the subsets of points submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as improvement and extension of EUREF89.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that

in September 1998 the EUREF-Balkan-98 campaign in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Yugoslavia was observed and the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group

accepts these results as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation),

considering the political situation,

recommends to wait with the publication of the coordinates and final selection of EUREF points until the political situation has stabilized.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing that the primary purpose of establishing the Permanent EUREF Network was the maintenance of the ETRS89,

requests the National Mapping Agencies represented in CERCO to recognise that the Permanent EUREF Network is the best possible realisation of ETRS89 and to support this activity,

recognising that the data, structure and results of the Permanent Network are valuable for the wide variety of scientific investigations,

invites agencies and organizations interested in these investigations (such as geodynamics, sea level monitoring and meteorology) closely collaborate with EUREF.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognizing the progress in the UELN95 and EUVN as static height networks,

accepts the concept of an integrated kinematic height network for Europe proposed by the EVS working group (e.g. GPS permanent stations, repeated levellings, tide gauge observations, repeated absolute gravity measurements)

asks the EVS working group to send out to the EUREF community a circular letter with the project proposal and requirements for a call of participation in all topics (measurements, computing centre, test area).

asks the EVS Working Group to send a circular letter to the EUREF community detailing the proposal and requirements, and seeking participation in all topics (measurements, computing centre, test area).

endorses these results as improvements and extensions to EUREF89.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF), which held its ninth EUREF symposium in Prague from June 2 - 5, 1999, expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman Prof. Jan Kostelecky and the Research Institute of Geodesy, Topography and Cartography, Zdiby, as well as the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University, Prague, for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Resolution No. 7

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the outstanding leadership given by President Erich Gubler

expresses heartfelt thanks for his contribution to EUREF,

wishes him every success for the future and

hopes that he will stay involved in EUREF.

Tromsø, 22 - 24 June 2000

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

– in May 1999 the EUREF-Moldavia-99 campaign in Moldavia was observed,

– in June/July 1999 the EUREF-SWEREF-99 campaign in Sweden was observed,

– in April 1998 the EUREF-Balear-98 campaign on the Balearic islands (Spain) was observed,

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group where they were accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observations)

endorses the subsets of points submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as improvements and extensions of EUREF89,

but considering that

– the existing EUREF points in Sweden observed during the EUREF-89 campaign, and not re-observed in later campaigns, are no longer acceptable as GPS control stations,

– three points in the Ukraine observed during the EUVN97 and EUREF-Moldavia-99 campaigns showed significant height differences,

recommends that the old Swedish points should be deleted from the EUREF database and that the Ukrainian points are not added to the EUREF database until checked.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting the growth of the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) and the diversity of its applications,

recognising the need for continued provision of high quality services and products,

recommends the establishment of

– a central bureau headed by the network coordinator,

– a coordination group consisting of the network-, data flow- and data analysis- coordinators, and special projects liaisons,

for the EPN, implementing the operational policies of the EUREF Technical Working Group.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting resolution 3 of the EUREF Symposium 1998 in Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler,

recognising the completion of the EUVN height solution, which includes GPS/levelling geoid heights,

thanks the National Mapping Agencies for their support in supplying data,

recommends that the GPS/levelling geoid heights of the EUVN solution should be used as fiducial control for future European geoid determinations,

asks the relevant authorities

– to provide the necessary information for tide gauge connections,

– to densify the network of EUVN GPS/levelling geoid heights,

to complete and extend the EUVN project.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)noting the recommendation of the spatial referencing workshop, in Marne-la-Vallée 27 – 30 November 1999, to the European Commission to adopt the ETRS89 for Europe wide georeferencing,

recognising the need for

– information describing the national reference systems,

– parameters to transform coordinates from the national reference systems to the ETRS89 at the 1 – 2 meter level,

urgently asks the National Mapping Agencies to support the CERCO WG VIII and EUREF TWG initiative by providing this information and allowing it to be placed in the public domain.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting the recommendation of the spatial referencing workshop, in Marne-la-Vallée 27 – 30 November 1999, to the European Commission to adopt the results of the EUVN/UELN projects for Europe wide vertical referencing,

decides to define an European Vertical Reference System (EVRS) characterised by:

– the datum of ‘Normaal Amsterdams Peil’ (NAP),

– gravity potential differences with respect to NAP or equivalent normal heights,

endorses UELN95/98 and EUVN as realisations of EVRS using the name EVRF2000,

asks the EUREF Technical Working Group to finalise the definition and initial realisation of the EVRS and to make available a document describing the system.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF), which held its tenth EUREF symposium in Tromsø from June 22-24, 2000, expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman Bjørn Geirr Harsson and the Norwegian Mapping Authority, as well as Destinasjon Tromsø, for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Dubrovnik, 16 - 18 May 2001

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

considering that

– in May/June 1994 the EUREF-SLOCRO-94 campaign in Slovenia and Croatia was observed,

– in September/October 1995 the Slovenia-95 and CROREF-95 campaigns in Slovenia and Croatia were observed,

– in August/September 1996 the CROREF-96 campaign in Croatia was observed,

and all the results were submitted to the EUREF Tech-nical Working Group as a combined EUREF-CRO-94/95/96 solution, where it was accepted as class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observations)

endorses the subsets of points for Croatia submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as improvements and extensions of EUREF89,

but considering that two points in Croatia observed during the EUREF-CROSLO-94 campaign were destroyed,

recommends that all old Croatian points should be deleted from the EUREF database and replaced by the subset of points selected from the EUREF-CRO-94/95/96 solution.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

considering

– the availability of the ITRF2000 as an improved and accurate realisation of the ITRS,

– the improved determination of the rotation of the Eurasian plate using ITRF2000 site velocities,

recommends to replace the NNR-NUVEL-1A rotation rate values by the ones derived from ITRF2000 in the transformation formula linking ETRS89 to ITRS.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the significant practical and scientific value of the EVRS

noting the usefulness of improving its realisation EVRF2000

asks national levelling data providers to UELN/EUVN to inform the Technical Working Group on the tidal system and other corrections used,

recommends that in the future levelling data be submitted in the zero tidal system according to the EVRS definition and corresponding IAG resolution 16, 1983.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising

– the European Vertical GPS Reference Network (EUVN) with its GPS-derived ellipsoidal heights and levelled connections to UELN,

– the definition of the European Vertical Reference System EVRS with its first realisation UELN 95/98, called EVRF2000,

considering

– this implicit pointwise realisation of a European geoid consistent with both ETRS89 and EVRS,,

– the existence of a large number of regional and local geoids in Europe,

– the urgent need by the navigation community for a height reference surface,

asks its Technical Working Group and the European Sub-commission of the IAG IGGC (International Gravity and Geoid Commission) to take all necessary steps to generate a European geoid model of decimetre accuracy consistent with ETRS89 and EVRS.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF) ), which held its eleventh EUREF symposium in Dubrovnik from May 16-18, 2001, expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman ZELJKO BACIC and the State Geodetic Administration, as well as the Cadastre Office in Dubrovnik and the International Centre of Croatian Universities, for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Ponta Delgada, 5 - 8 June 2002

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

– in July 2001 the EUREF GB2001 GPS campaign was observed and

– all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group, where they were accepted as Class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of the observations)

endorses the set of points for Great Britain submitted to the Technical Working Group as an improvement and extension of EUREF89

but considering that some of these points already exist in the EUREF database from the EUREF GB92 and EUREF EIR/GB95 campaigns,

recommends that all the old British points in the EUREF database should be marked as obsolete and be replaced by the set of points submitted from the EUREF GB2001 solution.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

Recognising the importance of maintaining the long-time stability of the terrestrial reference system with an accuracy of 10-9 or better as the basis of earth science research and future practical applications,

noting that this necessitates combining geometric and gravity-related techniques,

endorses the proposal for an European Combined Geodetic Network (ECGN),

asks

– the International Gravity and Geoid Commission (IGGC), Subcommission for Europe, to join the proposal to develop the ECGN

– the International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO) to support the proposal at the tide gauge stations

requests that the EUREF Technical Working Group establishes a Working Group of interested parties to realise this network and take it forward.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

noting

– the growing need for European-wide improved real-time positioning and navigation

– the recent developments in the interconnection of mobile communication and the Internet

considering that the EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) infrastructure is capable of providing reliable and standardised real-time data

following current efforts within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) towards real-time data dissemination

asks

– the EUREF Technical Working Group to set up and maintain a differential GNSS infra-structure based on selected EPN stations through the Internet

– the member countries to support this new activity by the necessary upgrade of the respective EPN stations

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

welcomes the proposed new structure of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and

looks forward to continue its activities in the frame of the new Commission I - Reference Frames

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

which held its twelvth Symposium in Ponta Delgada from June 5-9 2002

expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organizing Committee, its Chairman Jorge Teixeira Pinto, the Instituto Geográfico Português, as well as Secretaria Regional da Habitação e Equipamento, Câmara Municipal de Ponta Delgada, Câmara Municipal de Vila Franca do Campo, Universidade dos Açores (Departamento de Geociências), Delegação do Turismo de S. Miguel, Caixa Geral de Depósitos, SATA (Linhas Aéreas dos Açores), Pedro Santos Lda. and Leica Geosystems, for organising the Symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Toledo, 4 - 7 June 2003

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

– in May/June 1994 the EUREF-SLOCRO-94 campaign in Slovenia and Croatia was observed, in September/October 1995 the Slovenia-95 campaign in Slovenia was observed, in August/ September 1996 the CROREF-96 campaign in Croatia was observed, and all three campaigns were reprocessed as the combined EUREF-Slovenia- 94/95/96 solution,

– based on repeated sub-campaigns from 1993 to 2001 the EUREF-Slovakia-2001 solution in Slovakia
was computed,

– in September 2001 the EUREF-POL-2001 campaign in Poland was observed,

– in July 2002 the EUREF-Austria-2002 campaign in Austria was observed,

– in September 2002 the EUREF-Hungary-2002 campaign in Hungary was observed,

all the results were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group, where they were accepted as Class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of the observations)

endorses the subsets of points submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as improvements and extensions of EUREF89

but considering that some existing EUREF points observed during the previous campaigns were destroyed or could not be re-observed for other reasons, and are no longer acceptable as EUREF points,

recommends that those EUREF points, proposed to be deleted by the respective National Mapping Agencies, be removed from the EUREF database and replaced by the subset of points selected by the same National Mapping Agencies.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

Considering the adoption of ETRS89 as its official and unified Terrestrial Reference System (Resolution No. 1, Florence Symposium, 28 - 31 May 1990),

asks the European countries who have not yet adopted the ETRS89 as a basis for the re-definition of their national systems, to do so at their earliest convenience.

Resolution No. 3

Recognising the importance of the pan-European reference systems ETRS89 and EVRS as a backbone for Geodetic Reference Data as part of an European Spatial Data Infrastructure,

Noting the need for the transformation of geographic information based on national coordinate reference systems into the pan-European reference systems with the highest possible accuracy,

Endorses the proposal to enlarge the present EUREF / EuroGeographics information system for European coordinate reference systems with information on height systems, gravity field parameters and transformation services in order to realize a Geodetic Information and Service System,

asks the National Mapping Agencies

– to support the Geodetic Information and Service System with necessary information,

– to allow the information to be made available in the public domain,

Requests that the EUREF Technical Working Group continues to support to the Expert Group Geodesy of EuroGeographics.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

Noting that the effect of unmodeled atmospheric loading on the heights of the EUREF Permanent Network stations, exceeds the target accuracy of the European Terrestrial Reference System by an order of magnitude,

Considering the importance of precise current station heights for the determination of tropospheric zenith delays and the interpretation of residual systematic errors in the adjustment of space geodetic networks,

asks the EUREF Technical Working Group to contact the European meteorological institutions for free of charge access to real time or predicted surface pressure data suited for the sufficiently accurate computation of atmospheric loading effects at all stations of the EUREF Permanent Network,

invites the International GPS Service to consider taking corresponding steps on the global level.

Resolution No.5

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising the efforts of Werner Gurtner as chairman of the Technical Working Group (TWG) 1999 - 2003,

expresses its heartfelt thanks for his contribution to EUREF.

Resolution No.6

The IAG Subcommission for Europe (EUREF)

which held its thirteenth EUREF symposium in Toledo from June 4 – 7, 2003,

expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman Adolfo Dalda as well as the Instituto Geográfico Nacional, for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Bratislava, 2 - 5 June 2004

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

– November/December 2002, the EUREF-Armenia- 2002 (ARMREF02) GPS campaign was observed,

– the EUREF-GB-2001 GPS campaign, originally observed in July 2001 and ratified at the EUREF 2002 symposium, has been reprocessed in 2004,

all the results of both campaigns were submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group, where they were accepted as Class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of the observations)

endorses the subsets of points submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as extensions to the current realisation of ETRS89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

considering the recent implementation of the new structure of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG),

and recognising the need for a consistent set of rules to control the actions and internal functions of the Regional Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

approves and adopts the new terms of reference of EUREF.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

considering

– that the definition of the European Vertical Reference System (EVRS) was accepted at the EUREF 2000 Symposium

– that the progress in global gravity models will soon make possible the realisation of EVRS as a genuine World Height System

and further considering

– the European initiative to realise a European Spatial Data Infrastructure (ESDI) under the terms of the INSPIRE project

– the European Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) initiative

requests that the TWG ensures the preparation of technical specifications for a new European Vertical Reference Frame (EVRF), to be available by 2006.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

Considering its European Velocity Field (EVF) project, primarily aiming at the long term maintenance of the ETRS89,

asks the National Mapping Authorities (NMAs) and other groups producing regular time series of station positions of permanent networks, to make their SINEX solutions available to the EVF project.

Resolution No.5

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

which held its fourteenth symposium in Bratislava from June 2 – 5, 2004

expresses its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairmen Matej Klobusiak and Dusan Ferianc as well as the Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre Authority of the Slovak Republic and the Geodetic and Cartographic Institute Bratislava for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Vienna, 1 - 4 June 2005

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

considering the importance of

– using individual antenna calibration models for the EUREF Permanent GPS Network (EPN) and EUREF campaigns

– the improvement in results when absolute calibrations are employed

– having consistent standards in these matters

invites

the International GPS Service (IGS) and EPN to consider the timely introduction of standards for these techniques.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising

the need for reliable and timely Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data flow

and acknowledging

recent efforts to improve the EPN data flow

however noting

that reliability and latency issues still exist in the data flow

urges

EPN station managers to improve the latency and reliability of their data uploads in accordance with EPN guidelines.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

acknowledging

the efforts of the European National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) in contributing to the Unified European Levelling Network (UELN) and European Combined Geodetic Network (ECGN) projects for the current European Vertical Reference System (EVRS) realisation

and noting

the need for a new realisation of EVRS

asks

– NMAs to provide any new levelling data for UELN 2006 and information on national height reference and ECGN points for the new EVRS realisation

– owners of absolute gravimeters involved in ECGN to provide the meta data information of their gravity measurements to the ECGN working group and to make available the campaign data files from their own data base.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

noting that

Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol (NTRIP) recently became an RTCM standard for streaming GNSS data in real-time over IP networks and that NTRIP supporting reference station equipment is now readily available

and considering

the growing global need for real-time access to high-rate GNSS data for the determination of real-time satellite orbits and clocks, atmospheric delays, disaster monitoring etc

asks

the member countries to support these activities by streaming carrier phase data from EPN stations through the Internet using the NTRIP standard, within the framework of the EUREF-IP project.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

considering

the widespread adoption of the European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) within Europe

encourages

NMAs and National Cadastral Agencies to raise public awareness of ETRS89 as the recommended European system for geo referencing activities.

Resolution No. 6

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

which held its fifteenth symposium in Vienna from 1 – 4 June 2005

expresses

its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee, its chairman Peter Pesec as well as

    the Austrian Academy of Sciences Headquarters Vienna,

    the Space Research Institute Graz, and

    the Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying

for organizing the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting.

Riga, 14 - 17 June 2006

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

recognising that

in October 1993 the EUREF-BG-93 campaign in Bulgaria was observed and was reprocessed in 2005,

in August-September-October 2004 the EUREF-BG-2004 campaign was observed,

in September-October 2003 the EUREF-NKG-2003 in Scandinavia and the Baltic countries was observed, including points in Latvia and Lithuania, and

all the results were submited to the EUREF Technical Working Group, where they were accepted as Class B standard (about 1 cm at the epoch of observation)

endorses

the subset of points submitted to the EUREF Technical Working Group as extensions to the current realisation of ETRS89.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

noting

the close collaboration between EUREF, European GNSS Analysis Centres and European national meteorological institutes (represented by EUMETNET) for the near real-time determination of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) and Integrated Water Vapour (IWV),

and considering

the needs of European national meteorological institutes to have continued access to EPN data and products,

approves

the establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between EUREF and EUMETNET for

free access to EUREF data for the determination of ZTD and IWV,

free access to meteorological data by EUREF,

exchange of data based on common guidelines,

and invites

European GNSS network operators to collaborate with European national meteorological institutes on co-located observations (GNSS and meteorological observations) and support GNSS data processing from dense national networks to contribute to meteorological applications.

Resolution No. 3

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF)

noting

the resolution No. 1 of the EUREF 2005 symposium concerning the absolute antenna radome calibration

and further noting

the forthcoming introduction of standards for the use of absolute antenna calibrations within the International GNSS Service (IGS) and the EUREF Permanent GPS Network (EPN)

considering that

not all stations of the EPN use antennae for which absolute antenna radome calibration are available

requests

EPN station managers to only use absolutely calibrated antenna types on new EPN stations or when a replacement antenna radome combination is introduced to a EPN station

and also encourages

absolute calibration of antennae/radomes that are not already absolutely calibrated after removal from an EPN station.

Resolution No. 4

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

noticing

the commitment to complete the GLONASS satellite constellation before the end of 2007 and maintain its capabilities afterwards

the upcoming Galileo system

the availability of new geodetic-type multi-GNSS receivers/antennae and analysis software

recognizing

the importance of tracking all active GNSS satellites

intends

to fully integrate GLONASS observations within the EPN

recommends

station managers to use multi-GNSS equipment with “all in view” tracking capabilities when upgrading existing EPN stations or installing new EPN stations.

Resolution No. 5

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

which held its sixteenth symposium in Riga from June 14 – 17, 2006

expresses

its heartfelt thanks to the Local Organising Committee chaired by Janis Balodis and Janis Kaminskis as well as Gunars Silabriedis and Janis Strauhmanis for organising the symposium and for the excellent arrangements resulting in a very successful meeting and for the support given by:

    University of Latvia

    Latvian Geospatial Information Agency

    Riga Technical University

    Rigas Geometrs SIA

London, 6 - 9 June 2007

Resolution No. 1

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)

considering

that the purpose of the United Nations’ International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) is “promoting the use and application of GNSS on a global basis”

and noting

the importance of GNSS for the development of regional reference frames and related services

endorses

enhanced involvement of EUREF in the ICG activities

and recommends

EUREF provide experts and advice to the relevant ICG working groups in accordance with International Association of Geodesy (IAG) policy.

Resolution No. 2

The IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF)